Site Preparation

 

GUIDELINES TECHNICAL

PROBLEMATIC LAND MANAGEMENT SANDY BEACHES WITH CYPRESS

l Beny Harjadi, Agung Wahyu Nugroho

l Susi Abdiyani Arina Miardini Dona Octavia

I. IMPLEMENTATION

 

A. Preparation

a. Site Preparation

Site preparation includes the placement of work huts, the location of plant areas and observation posts. For this reason, it is necessary to permit the placement of research locations along with the licensing mechanism to the Regional Government (District):

1. Letter of application for a research permit from BP2TPDAS-IBB (Research and Development Center forWatershed Management Technology–Western Indonesia) No. 598/BP2TPDAS-IBB/2006 dated June 13, 2006 to the  Regent cq Head of the Kesbanglinmas Office (Kesatuan Bangsa Perlindungan Masyarakat dan Social) which is located at Jl. Ampera No. 11, Tel.0287-381287 Kebumen. 54311

2. Research recommendation letter from Kesbanglinmas no. 072/388 dated June 15, 2006 submitted to BAPPEDA (Regional Development Planning Agency) which is located at Jl. Veteran no. 2, Tel. 0287-381570 Kebumen 54311

3. Based on the recommendation letter fromKesbanglinmas, BAPPEDA issued a research permit no. 071-1/138 which is valid for 3 months from June 15 to August 15, 2006. The letter was delivered to (i) Head of Diparta Kebumen Regency, (ii) Head of Hutpedal Office Kebu Men, (iii) Head of Petanahan Beach Obwis, (iv) Petanahan Sub-District, and (v) Karanggadung Head.

For preparation of planting sea cypress, it is necessary to carry out several stages of preparation at the location as follows:

4. Care of several pre-prepared seedlings for climate adjustment (acclimatization) by weeding the seedling garden and watering daily.

5. Making 350 pieces of 150 cm ajir for fruit plants, namely ajir as well as to strengthen the upright of plants, and 1100 pieces of 80 cm ajir for other plants.

6. Purchase of ameliorate or mineral soil from fertile rice fields to help provide nutrients for plants.

7. Purchase of organic fertilizers in the form of manure and supplemented with EM-4 to accelerate the decomposition of organic fertilizer maturation .

8. Stimulants or inoculants taken from the soil under the root of thorny pandan plants.

9. Closure of mulch from the litter of thorny grass plants around the beach, so that the soil is maintained moisture.

10. Re-measurement of the area of sandy coastal land to be planted for wind embankments, fruits, forestry crops and annuals.

11. Repair of water installations and repair of rent wells bytrying diesel water suction and distributed throughout water reservoirs scattered around annuals.

12. Retrain observers (coaching) and check data (verification) from observers for observation of air temperature and soil temperature (30, 90 and 150 cm), rainfall, wind speed and direction, wind erosion, and evaporation.

b.  HR Preparation

For the preparation of HR ( Human Resources) is carried out by consulting and coordinating with related agencies and approaches to the community.

1. Consultation and Coordinationsi

i. PEDAL Service (Forestry and Environmental  Impact Control) 

The PEDAL Office supported research development activities at sandy beach locations carried out by the Solo office which was then called BP2TPDAS-IBB (Research and Development Center for Watershed Management Technology – Western Indonesia). The form of support from the PEDAL Service is manifested in the form of: accompanying every consultation with several relevant service offices in the district, local government of KEbumen, and PKL (Field Forestry Extension Officer) who are assigned to be directly involved in the field and during meetings with the Group.

ii. Bappeda (Regional Development Planning Agency)

Sandy beach land has not been managed by the community because of the community's assumption that sandy land has no potential for cultivation or the term residents must lose or not profit. With the location of the development of sandy beach land research supported by JLSS road facilities (Jalan Lintas Selatan Selatan) jl. Dandeles and jl. Diponegoro, then access to tourist sites will be easier and it is expected that tourism will grow.

iii. Tourism Office

The research site is adjacent to tourism, and the land for the research development location is still included in the land under the management of the Tourism Office. So that every time you go to the location, you always coordinate in advance with the Tourism Office in Kebumen Regency and the Land Tourism Object Office in Karanggadung Village.

2. Regional Coordination 

i. Petanahan District

From the BP2TPDAS-IBB office, it was reported to the Petanahan sub-district office, that there were research development activities in Karanggadung village, Petanahan sub-district that had been carried out since 2005. The choice of the location of  Petanahan beach  was a request from the Regent of Kebumen (Mrs. Rustriningsih) after hearing a presentation about the planting of sea cypress on Samas beach, Bantul.  

ii. Land Police Station

All members of the BP2TPDAS-IBB Research Team have been reported names who will carry outintensive activities at the site and are planned to stay periodically in the field for a long period of time from 2005 until now.

iii.  Karanggadung Village

There are two heads of the environment or Bayan, namely Karangcengis (Darjo) and and Karanggadung (Kartomiharjo). Most members of farmer groups accept the existence of research development in their areas. It is hoped that this activity can absorb labor and the formation of farmer groups as expected by street vendor officers. The meeting activities of farmer groups accompanied by street vendors include:

· Regular monthly meetings of farmer groups attended by members and  former lurah, fathers of lurah and fathers of RT as well as other interested community leaders (TOGA = Religious Leaders and TOMAS = Community Leaders).   

· Schedule a Sea Fir planting plan which is of course adjusted to the arrival of rain (usually in September and January) and after the completion of  repairs to water installations and light wells.  

· At the time of planting, it also considers the busy life of the people of Karanggadung Village, namely seven days before Eid al-Fitr and 7 days after Eid, by preparing to make ajir and purchase manure.

c. Coordination with UKP

1. UKP (Proposed Research Activities) located at the P3HKA (Center for Forest Research and Development and Nature Conservation) center in Bogor is tasked with coordinating, synthesizing and making comprehensive reports of the results of research conducted by the titles under its umbrella.  

2. UKP entitled ―Technology and Institution for Rehabilitation of Degraded Land‖ chaired by Dr. Pratiwi, and oversees 18 titles carried out by UPT (Technical Implementation Unit) at BPPK Kupang, BPPK Samarinda, BPPK Aek Nauli Medan, BP2TPDAS-IBB in Surakarta, Loka Ciamis and BP2TPDAS-IBT in Makassar.

3. Broadly speaking, the titles under UKP above can be divided into 3 major groups, namely: (i) rehabilitation of degraded land and reclamation of ex-mining land, (ii) institutional, (iii) conservation models and techniques.

1. Consultation with the UKP Team for a year is carried out at least 2 times, namely first at the beginning of activities to prepare RPTP (Research Team Implementation Plan) and second at the time before making the report (accountability and progress of activity synthesis).

2. A network was formed to carry out more intensive communication via the internet, and if possible discussions via the internet in writing or orally with a minimum frequency of quarters.

d. Preparation of Institutions and Farmer Groups

Research on the development of sandy beach plants is not only the development of a certain plant, but is prioritized to change the mindset of the community around the sandy beach. People around sandy beaches who originally considered coastal land unplantable became the mindset that coastal land could produce something profitable by preserving nature through RLKT. All facilities and infrastructure placed at the location belong to the Pasir Makmur Farmer Group (KT) and not belong to individuals or belong to researchers or technicians BP2TPDAS-IBB, so that all members of the farmer group must feel ownership and care, supervise and maintain and secure it for use in groups.

 Field Trip Preparation

Materials and equipment development activities include:

1. Location determination, design, and location mapping activities include: pegs, meters, GPS, compasses, base maps.

2. Activities to make facilities to resist sand erosion of TA (Wind Embankment) plants, among others: vegetative with sea camara (Casuarina equisetifolia sp.) and mechanically with coconut leaves or woven bamboo.

3. Seeds of cultivated annuals to be planted behind the TA plant path include: eggplant, onion, red pepper, and cucumber, corn (Zea mays L.). .dll.

4. Soil improvement activities with the addition of manure with a dose of 20 tons / ha and ameliorate (clay) and in-organic fertilizers 200 kg / ha ZA, KCl, urea, TSP, insecticides, and fungicides.

5. Activities to develop irrigation facilities for cultivated plants include wells, renteng tubs, pralons, drills, long hoses, water pumps, etc.

6. Treatment observation activities, among others: Sand trap, evaporimeter, ombrometer, anemometer, air thermometer, air humidity and ruang and soil thermometer.

7. Community socialization activities in the form of distributing leaflets, posters, calendars and scientific papers, and collecting social data by distributing relevant questionnaire blanks.

B. Wind Embankment Path Creation

a. Mechanical Wind Embankment

The creation of wind dikes near the coast (< 100 m) serves as a filter to prevent dew or salt vapors that cause annuals to burn. This wind embankment also functions as a strong wind barrier that causes the plant tocollapse and wither by the evapotranspiration process. Wind dikes can be mechanical, namely in the form of dried coconut leaves, or bamboo spinach, the important thing is not to let materials derived from metal or zinc because it will rust easily if exposed to safe salts of sea water.

b.  Vegetative Wind Embankment

The creation of wind dikes can also be made from living plants as vegetative wind dikes. Perennial plants that can be developed as vegetative wind dikes with suitable conditions are planted on the coast, have sturdy roots (seedlings from seeds, generative) and tight leaves and raised stems. Some plants that are suitable for planting on the beach and can be used for wind dikes include: ketapang, waru, sea cypress, etc. For Kebumen beach which merufeed the development of Samas-Bantul beach with the planting of sea cameras. Originally, sea cypress plants came from grafts (vegetative), but for conservation purposes preferably with generative plants (seeds from seeds) that have sturdy supporting roots.

c.  Temporary Wind Embankment 

Temporary wind dikes can be mechanical or vegetative. Temporary wind embankments mechanically include coconut leaves, bamboo decks.The principle of making wind dikes while the wind can penetrate butnot to damage plants,  because the wind speed has been blocked by wind  dikes, besides that it is also able to reduce the danger of salt levels carried by water vapor. Likewise, temporary wind dikes can be done with vegetative annuals  that are fast growing and higher than the main crop, for example: corn, sorghum etc.

C. Planting

a.  Wind Embankment Plant

Planting Casuarina equisetifolia plants as permanent wind embankment plants along 750 m in the direction of the 25 m wide coastline. The plant functions as a greenery plant to protect cultivated plants planted between embankment plant paths from the influence of sand erosion, wind blowing and salt content (NaCl). The method of planting wind embankment (TA) plants is carried out with a  planting distance of 5 m x 5 m per path, with the model  ̳gigi grasshopper' or ―nguntu walang‖ alternating with 5 planting paths. Biophysical data will be analyzed descriptively to show the most effective treatment. By observing the percentage of growth of sea cypress TA plants (Casuarina equisetifolia) and observing growth every month.

The development of village seed gardens is still at the theoretical level to members of the Farmer Group (KT) and training in making beds. However, someKT members have been able to develop sea cypress seedlings. The explanation  includes the development of fir seedlings

The sea can be done vegetatively by grafting and ducking, while generatively by seed. Seeds at the time of planting are selected trees that are more than 10 years old, and choose yellowed shells from the development of green, yellow and cokla t shell seeds. The older >10 years of the tree, the quality of sea cypress seeds will be good, and for branches to be grafted are selected that point upwards (autotorof).

The selection of seeds when on the tree is chosen a yellow shell, because if it is brown then the seeds have come out scattered on the ground and cannot go to thewhip. Yellow seeds are dried in the sun with gauze until the seeds come out, the use of gauze is intended so that the seeds do not fly anywhere.Seeds are soaked for 2 days, and  dried in the sun for a day, seeds are seeded in a bed of soil media and if sudah is 2 months old or sprouts have seen brown stems and leaves have branched are transferred into polybags.